Land and the cadastre

Title deed (list vlastnictví)

In Czech: List vlastnictví

A title deed (list vlastnictví, LV) is the land register sheet that shows, for one cadastral area, who owns which properties and what burdens them, such as mortgages, easements or a pending change of ownership.

Also called: LV, ownership sheet, extract from the land register, výpis z katastru

What it means

The list vlastnictví, usually shortened to LV and translated as title deed or ownership sheet, is the core record of the Czech land register (katastr nemovitostí). One LV covers one owner or group of co-owners within one cadastral area. It lists the owners and their shares, every plot, building and unit they hold there, any restrictions on ownership, and the documents through which the owner acquired the property.

Unlike a title deed in some countries, the LV is not a paper the owner keeps at home and hands over at a sale. It is an output of a public register that anyone can look at, and what counts is always the current state of the register.

How it works in the Czech Republic

You can see the basic LV data online in the ČÚZK service Nahlížení do katastru nemovitostí: search for the parcel, building or unit and open the link to its LV. Banks, notaries and lawyers usually want an official extract (výpis z katastru), which is issued by a cadastral branch office or a Czech POINT counter.

When reading an LV, spend most of your time on the restrictions. Under the Civil Code, a lien (zástavní právo) and a servitude (služebnost) on registered property arise when they are entered, so a recorded mortgage or a neighbour's right of way still binds you as the new owner until it is deleted. If proceedings are under way, the LV shows that rights are affected by a change, known in practice as a plomba.

Practical example

For example, you like a family house in a village. The LV shows the house and garden under one owner, but the neighbouring parcel with the garage, advertised as part of the sale, sits on a different LV and belongs to the owner's sister. The house's LV also records an easement letting a neighbour walk and drive across the yard.

What to watch out for

  • Compare every parcel and building in the listing with what is actually on the LV, and check whether some are on another LV.
  • Look for liens, enforcement entries (exekuce), easements and pre-emption rights, and ask who will have them deleted and when.
  • Check the names and shares of all co-owners; everyone who is selling must sign.
  • Read the acquisition document listed on the LV to see how and when the seller acquired the property.
  • Check the LV again just before signing and before any money is released.

Frequently asked questions

Is the LV the same as an extract from the land register?

In everyday use, yes. A výpis z katastru is an official printout of the LV data as of a given day.

Can anyone see who owns a property?

Yes. The land register is public, so basic data including the owner's name and recorded restrictions can be viewed by anyone.

What does a mortgage on the LV mean for me as a buyer?

The property secures a debt, usually the seller's loan. In a sale it is normally agreed that the debt is paid off from the price and the lien deleted; until then it stays on the property.

  • Land register (katastr nemovitostí)The land register (katastr nemovitostí) is the Czech public register of land, buildings and units and of the rights attached to them, such as ownership, mortgages and easements. It is run by ČÚZK through regional cadastral offices.
  • Lien (zástavní právo)A lien (zástavní právo) secures a debt: if the debtor does not pay, the creditor can be satisfied from the pledged property. On a property in the land register it arises by entry and stays with the property when it changes hands.
  • Easement (věcné břemeno)An easement (věcné břemeno) is a right of another person over a property that restricts its owner: they must tolerate something, refrain from something, or give or do something. It stays with the property when sold.
  • Plomba in the land register (plomba v katastru)A plomba in the land register is the informal name for a note that proceedings affecting the registered rights are under way, typically an entry after a sale. The law calls it marking that the rights are affected by a change.
  • Legal defects of a property (právní vady)Legal defects of a property (právní vady nemovitosti) are third-party rights or other legal restrictions that stop the buyer from freely using or disposing of it, such as a lien, easement, lease, enforcement or ownership dispute.
  • Co-ownership share (spoluvlastnický podíl)A co-ownership share (spoluvlastnický podíl) expresses the extent to which a co-owner shares in the whole property, such as 1/2 or 1/4 of a house or plot. It is not a specific room or piece of land.

Sources

Laws and official pages this text is based on (in Czech).

This text is for information only and has not yet been checked by a legal or financial expert. It is not legal, tax or financial advice. Verify important details in the listed sources or with a professional.

Updated 25 October 2026

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